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Restriction fragment analysis of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were carried out for the elementary species (B. campestris, B. oleracea, and B. nigra) and the amphidiploid species (B. juncea, B. napus, and B. carinata) to study genome evolution and phylogeny in Brassica. The results obtained are summarized as follows. EcoRI enzyme analysis revealed three distinct groups for the six species. B. campestris and B. juncea shared 26 common fragments (group I). B. oleracea and B, napus were different from each other in only several fragments among 28 fragments (group II). But, B. nigra and B. carinata were significantly different from the rest (group III). Southern analysis revealed the same grouping as restriction endonuclease analysis, when EcoRI-digested mtDNA was hybridized with coxI and atpA probes of Oenothera berteriana. When total DNA were digested with HindIII or EcoRI and analyzed using atpA probe, each species shared polymorphisms identical to the mtDNA RFLP. These mtDNA phylogeny suggested that the maternal parents of B. juncea and B. carinata were B. campestria and B. nigra, respectively.
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